Mining is a traditional practice involving discovering and utilising diverse minerals for various purposes. This time-honoured industry holds significant importance, serving as a foundation on which numerous other sectors rely. Previously mining was done close to the inefficient ground. With time, machinery and technologies were invented, making the process more fruitful. In this article, we will find out how mining has changed with the ages.
Traditional tools and techniques
The earliest form of mining relied heavily on human labour and simple hand tools. Miners used picks, shovels, and manual labour to extract minerals and ores from the earth. This labour-intensive process was often dangerous and inefficient as the miners had to work in cramped & hazardous-for-health conditions.
Use of machines and steam power
The Industrial Revolution significantly shifted mining technology. Steam engines revolutionised transportation and powered early drilling machines. They increased the speed & efficiency of mining operations, enabling the extraction of larger quantities of minerals and ores.
Explosives and blasting
Explosives and blasting marked a turning point in mining. Dynamite and other explosives broke through hard rock more effectively and enabled deeper & more extensive mining.
Heavy machinery and earth-moving equipment
Steam shovels, small range breakers and draglines were used to remove large volumes of overburden, which makes it easier to access valuable mineral deposits. The machines inspired the creation of open-pit mining which is used even today.
Using electric power and the start of underground mining
With the growing population and demand for minerals, the miners started to dig deeper into the earth. They started using machinery like small-range breakers powered by electricity, and lighting systems were also developed for underground mining. It enhanced safety and enabled more extensive exploration of mineral-rich regions. Tunnel boring machines and drilling rigs also helped to streamline underground operations.
Computerisation and automation
The digital age also brought a change in the mining industry. Computers and automation systems were integrated into mining equipment, enabling more precise control of drilling, blasting and material handling. This technology improved efficiency, reduced waste and enhanced safety by enabling remote operation of machinery.
Advanced surveying and mapping
Modern mining relies heavily on these Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) tools to enable accurate mapping of mining sites and ensure optimal resource extraction while minimising environmental impact.
Robotics and remote operations
In recent years, they are widely used in the mining industry. Autonomous haul trucks, drones, and remote-controlled drilling rigs allow for safer and more efficient mining operations in challenging environments. These technologies reduce the workers’ exposure to hazardous conditions and improve overall productivity.
In conclusion, modern-day mining operations also use various sustainable and eco-friendly innovations. They have started using data analysis and predictive maintenance to monitor performance, detect potential issues, and schedule maintenance before costly breakdowns occur.
